Frank-Read source is a type of dislocation multiplication mechanism. Consider a segment whose ends are pinned(corresponding to nodes in a network, precipitates, or sites where the dislocation leaves the glide plane). Under a certain applied stress the segment bows out by glide. As bow-out proceeds, the radius of curvature of the line decreases and the line-tension forces tending to restore the line to a straight configuration increase. For stress less than a critical value, a metastable equilibrium configuration is attained, in which the line-tension force balances that caused by the applied stress. For the large bow-out case, following equilibrium condition holds

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