Shell Commands - Revision history

Caiwei at 17:38, 17 April 2013

2013-04-17T17:38:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:38, 17 April 2013
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			== List of Common Commands ==

	( in alphabetical order )		( in alphabetical order )

			=== cat ===
	'''cat''' to look, modify or combine a file		'''cat''' to look, modify or combine a file

	cat runs/mo-example/A.log \| tail -n +10 \| head -n 20-10+1 > B.log		cat runs/mo-example/A.log \| tail -n +10 \| head -n 20-10+1 > B.log

			=== cd ===
	'''cd''' to change your current directory		'''cd''' to change your current directory
	Go to your home directory		Go to your home directory
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	to toggle between two directories with no effort at all.		to toggle between two directories with no effort at all.

			=== cmp ===
			'''cmp''' performs byte-by-byte comparison between two files.

			=== diff ===
		⚫	'''diff -b''' can be used to compare two files when the tabbing and whitespace has been changed in a code (tabbing, blank lines, spaces, etc). Regular diff will state that 'a=b' is different than 'a = b'.

			=== dos2unix ===
		⚫	'''dos2unix''' can be used to remove the ^M characters at the end of lines of your text files. However, if ^M appears not at the end of lines, this command will not remove it. You can use '''grep [ctrl-v][ctrl-m] yourfile''' to see whether yourfile still contains this character. You can then use '''vi yourfile''' and type command '''/[ctrl-v][ctrl-m]''' to search this character and then delete it.

			=== find ===
	'''find''' to search for files in a directory hierarchy		'''find''' to search for files in a directory hierarchy
	find ./ -name param.inc		find ./ -name param.inc

			=== fmt ===
			'''fmt''' makes multi-line text outputs fit nicely in a page by inserting and removing new lines.

			=== grep ===
	'''grep''' to show lines matching a pattern from files		'''grep''' to show lines matching a pattern from files

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	grep -w mea Fortran/MEAM-Baskes/meam/*		grep -w mea Fortran/MEAM-Baskes/meam/*

			=== head ===
	'''head''' to show the first several lines of the file		'''head''' to show the first several lines of the file

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	head -n -20 runs/mo-example/A.log #ignore the last 20 lines		head -n -20 runs/mo-example/A.log #ignore the last 20 lines

			=== nm ===
	'''nm''' to list symbols from object files		'''nm''' to list symbols from object files

	nm Fortran/MEAM-Baskes/meam/linux/forces.o \| grep phiid		nm Fortran/MEAM-Baskes/meam/linux/forces.o \| grep phiid

			=== sed ===
	'''sed''' to read the input file line by line		'''sed''' to read the input file line by line
	sed -n -e 10p -e 20p runs/mo-example/A.log #view the 10th and the 20th lines		sed -n -e 10p -e 20p runs/mo-example/A.log #view the 10th and the 20th lines
	sed -n 10, 20p runs/mo-example/A.log #view the lines from 10th to 20th		sed -n 10, 20p runs/mo-example/A.log #view the lines from 10th to 20th

			=== sum ===
			'''sum''' performs checksum of file. If the checksum is unchanged, the content of the file is likely unchanged.

			=== tail ===
	'''tail''' to show the last several lines of the file		'''tail''' to show the last several lines of the file

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	tail -c10 runs/mo-example/A.log #view the last 10 bytes of the file		tail -c10 runs/mo-example/A.log #view the last 10 bytes of the file

			=== tar ===
	'''tar''' the tar archiving utility		'''tar''' the tar archiving utility

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	</pre>		</pre>

			=== yum ===
	'''yum''' (Yellowdog Updater Modified) update program		'''yum''' (Yellowdog Updater Modified) update program

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	yum info gcc.i386		yum info gcc.i386

⚫	'''diff -b''' can be used to compare two files when the tabbing and whitespace has been changed in a code (tabbing, blank lines, spaces, etc). Regular diff will state that 'a=b' is different than 'a = b'.


⚫	'''dos2unix''' can be used to remove the ^M characters at the end of lines of your text files. However, if ^M appears not at the end of lines, this command will not remove it. You can use '''grep [ctrl-v][ctrl-m] yourfile''' to see whether yourfile still contains this character. You can then use '''vi yourfile''' and type command '''/[ctrl-v][ctrl-m]''' to search this character and then delete it.
			== Other Resources ==

			[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unix_programs List of Unix Programs]

Caiwei at 18:01, 9 August 2012

2012-08-09T18:01:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:01, 9 August 2012
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	yum info gcc.i386		yum info gcc.i386

	'''diff -b''' ~~Can~~ be used to compare two files when the tabbing and whitespace has been changed in a code (tabbing, blank lines, spaces, etc). Regular diff will state that 'a=b' is different than 'a = b'.		'''diff -b''' can be used to compare two files when the tabbing and whitespace has been changed in a code (tabbing, blank lines, spaces, etc). Regular diff will state that 'a=b' is different than 'a = b'.

			'''dos2unix''' can be used to remove the ^M characters at the end of lines of your text files. However, if ^M appears not at the end of lines, this command will not remove it. You can use '''grep [ctrl-v][ctrl-m] yourfile''' to see whether yourfile still contains this character. You can then use '''vi yourfile''' and type command '''/[ctrl-v][ctrl-m]''' to search this character and then delete it.

Yanmingw at 16:23, 5 April 2012

2012-04-05T16:23:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:23, 5 April 2012
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	( in alphabetical order )		( in alphabetical order )

			'''cat''' to look, modify or combine a file

			cat runs/mo-example/A.log \| tail -n +10 \| head -n 20-10+1 > B.log

	'''cd''' to change your current directory		'''cd''' to change your current directory
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	'''head''' to show the first several lines of the file		'''head''' to show the first several lines of the file

	head -n 20 runs/mo-example/A.log #view the first 20 lines		head -n 20 runs/mo-example/A.log #view the first 20 lines
	head -n -20 runs/mo-example/A.log #ignore the last 20 lines		head -n -20 runs/mo-example/A.log #ignore the last 20 lines



	'''nm''' to list symbols from object files		'''nm''' to list symbols from object files
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	sed -n -e 10p -e 20p runs/mo-example/A.log #view the 10th and the 20th lines		sed -n -e 10p -e 20p runs/mo-example/A.log #view the 10th and the 20th lines
	sed -n 10, 20p runs/mo-example/A.log #view the lines from 10th to 20th		sed -n 10, 20p runs/mo-example/A.log #view the lines from 10th to 20th

			'''tail''' to show the last several lines of the file

			tail -n 10 runs/mo-example/A.log # view the last 10 lines of the file
			tail -n +10 runs/mo-example/A.log #ignore the first 10-1 lines of the file
			tail -f runs/mo-example/A.log # view growing log file in real time
			tail -c10 runs/mo-example/A.log #view the last 10 bytes of the file

	'''tar''' the tar archiving utility		'''tar''' the tar archiving utility

Yanmingw at 16:16, 5 April 2012

2012-04-05T16:16:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:16, 5 April 2012
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	grep -3 Stress runs/mo-example/A.log		grep -3 Stress runs/mo-example/A.log
	grep -w mea Fortran/MEAM-Baskes/meam/*		grep -w mea Fortran/MEAM-Baskes/meam/*

			'''head''' to show the first several lines of the file
			head -n 20 runs/mo-example/A.log #view the first 20 lines
			head -n -20 runs/mo-example/A.log #ignore the last 20 lines



	'''nm''' to list symbols from object files		'''nm''' to list symbols from object files
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	'''sed''' to read the input file line by line		'''sed''' to read the input file line by line
	sed -n -e 10p -e 20p runs/mo-example/A.log		sed -n -e 10p -e 20p runs/mo-example/A.log #view the 10th and the 20th lines
	sed -n 10, 20p runs/mo-example/A.log		sed -n 10, 20p runs/mo-example/A.log #view the lines from 10th to 20th

	'''tar''' the tar archiving utility		'''tar''' the tar archiving utility

Yanmingw at 16:12, 5 April 2012

2012-04-05T16:12:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:12, 5 April 2012
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	nm Fortran/MEAM-Baskes/meam/linux/forces.o \| grep phiid		nm Fortran/MEAM-Baskes/meam/linux/forces.o \| grep phiid

			'''sed''' to read the input file line by line
			sed -n -e 10p -e 20p runs/mo-example/A.log
			sed -n 10, 20p runs/mo-example/A.log

	'''tar''' the tar archiving utility		'''tar''' the tar archiving utility

Wcash at 01:36, 7 February 2012

2012-02-07T01:36:24Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:36, 7 February 2012
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	yum info gcc.i386		yum info gcc.i386

	'''diff -b''' Can be used ~~two~~ compare two files when the tabbing and whitespace has been changed in a code (tabbing, blank lines, spaces, etc). Regular diff will state that 'a=b' is different than 'a = b'.		'''diff -b''' Can be used to compare two files when the tabbing and whitespace has been changed in a code (tabbing, blank lines, spaces, etc). Regular diff will state that 'a=b' is different than 'a = b'.

Wcash at 01:34, 7 February 2012

2012-02-07T01:34:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:34, 7 February 2012
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	yum update gcc.i386		yum update gcc.i386
	yum info gcc.i386		yum info gcc.i386

			'''diff -b''' Can be used two compare two files when the tabbing and whitespace has been changed in a code (tabbing, blank lines, spaces, etc). Regular diff will state that 'a=b' is different than 'a = b'.

Caiwei: added cd

2007-12-24T07:15:05Z

added cd

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:15, 24 December 2007
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	( in alphabetical order )		( in alphabetical order )

			'''cd''' to change your current directory
			Go to your home directory
			cd ~
			Go to a specified directory, e.g.
			cd /tmp
			You can use
			cd -
			to toggle between two directories with no effort at all.


	'''find''' to search for files in a directory hierarchy		'''find''' to search for files in a directory hierarchy

Kwkang at 09:17, 7 December 2007

2007-12-07T09:17:36Z

@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
   tar -cvjf foo.tar.bz2 foo
   tar cvf MD++.tar MD++ --exclude MD++/runs --exclude MD++/scripts/work --exclude MD++/cookies --exclude ".svn"
 '''yum''' (Yellowdog Updater Modified) update program

Kwkang at 21:42, 5 December 2007

2007-12-05T21:42:50Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:42, 5 December 2007
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	grep -3 Stress runs/mo-example/A.log		grep -3 Stress runs/mo-example/A.log
	grep -w mea Fortran/MEAM-Baskes/meam/*		grep -w mea Fortran/MEAM-Baskes/meam/*

			'''nm''' to list symbols from object files

			nm Fortran/MEAM-Baskes/meam/linux/forces.o \| grep phiid

	'''tar''' the tar archiving utility		'''tar''' the tar archiving utility